The best shingle roof underlayment provides a crucial protective layer against water damage, ice dams, and wind. Choosing the right type ensures roof longevity and prevents costly repairs. This layer, positioned between the roof deck and the shingles, serves as a protective barrier against moisture, wind, and other environmental factors. Selecting the right shingle roof underlayment can significantly impact the longevity and performance of your roof. In this guide, we will explore the various types of underlayment available, their benefits, and how to choose the best option for your needs.
Understanding Roof Underlayment
Roof underlayment is a protective layer installed on the roof deck before the shingles are applied. Its primary function is to provide an additional barrier against water infiltration, which can lead to leaks, mold, and structural damage. Underlayment also helps to create a smoother surface for the shingles, improving their overall performance.
Importance of Underlayment
- Moisture Protection: The underlayment acts as a secondary line of defense against water, preventing it from reaching the roof deck.
- Temperature Regulation: It can help insulate the roof, contributing to energy efficiency.
- Sound Dampening: Underlayment can reduce noise from rain and hail, creating a more comfortable indoor environment.
Types of Shingle Roof Underlayment
There are three primary types of underlayment used for asphalt shingle roofs: felt, synthetic, and rubberized asphalt. Each type has its unique characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages.
1. Asphalt-Saturated Felt
Asphalt-saturated felt, commonly known as felt paper or tar paper, has been a traditional choice for roofing underlayment for decades. It consists of a base layer of organic felt material saturated with asphalt, creating a waterproof barrier.
Pros:
- Cost-Effective: Felt underlayment is generally less expensive than synthetic options.
- Availability: It is widely available and easy to source.
- Fire Resistance: Many felt products are treated with fire-retardant materials.
Cons:
- Weight: Felt can be heavy and cumbersome to handle.
- Moisture Absorption: If exposed to water during installation, it can absorb moisture and wrinkle, compromising its effectiveness.
- Limited Lifespan: Typically lasts between 12 to 20 years.
2. Synthetic Underlayment
Synthetic underlayment is a modern alternative made from high-strength materials like polypropylene or polyethylene. It has gained popularity due to its superior performance compared to traditional felt.
Pros:
- Durability: Synthetic options are more tear-resistant and can withstand harsh weather conditions.
- Lightweight: Easier to handle and install, reducing labor costs.
- Water Resistance: Provides excellent moisture protection and is often UV-resistant.
Cons:
- Higher Cost: Generally more expensive than felt underlayment.
- Limited Breathability: Some synthetic materials may not allow for adequate ventilation.
3. Rubberized Asphalt Underlayment
Rubberized asphalt underlayment combines asphalt with rubber polymers, creating a self-adhering, waterproof barrier. This type is particularly effective in areas prone to ice dams and heavy rainfall.
Pros:
- Superior Waterproofing: Self-sealing around nails and fasteners prevents leaks.
- Flexibility: Can expand and contract with temperature changes without cracking.
- Long Lifespan: Typically lasts up to 50 years.
Cons:
- Cost: More expensive than both felt and synthetic options.
- Installation Difficulty: Requires careful handling to avoid wrinkles during installation.
Factors to Consider When Choosing Underlayment
Selecting the right shingle roof underlayment involves considering several key factors:
1. Climate
Your local climate plays a significant role in determining the best underlayment for your roof. For instance, areas with heavy rainfall or snow may benefit from rubberized asphalt underlayment, while regions with moderate weather might find felt or synthetic options sufficient.
2. Roof Type
The type of roofing material you choose can also influence your underlayment selection. For example, synthetic underlayment is often recommended for metal roofs due to its resistance to condensation.
3. Budget
While cost should not be the sole determining factor, it is essential to consider your budget. Felt underlayment is the most affordable option, while synthetic and rubberized asphalt underlayments offer better long-term value due to their durability.
4. Installation Process
Ease of installation can impact labor costs and project timelines. Lightweight materials like synthetic underlayment are easier to handle, potentially reducing installation time.
5. Building Codes
Always check local building codes to ensure compliance with regulations regarding underlayment materials. Some areas may have specific requirements that dictate the type of underlayment you can use.
Top Recommendations for Shingle Roof Underlayment
Based on performance, durability, and user reviews, here are some of the best shingle roof underlayment options available today:
1. GAF FeltBuster® Synthetic Roofing Felt
GAF FeltBuster is a highly regarded synthetic underlayment known for its durability and ease of installation. It features a slip-resistant surface, making it safer for roofers during installation.
2. Owens Corning ProArmor® Synthetic Underlayment
This product offers excellent protection against moisture and UV exposure. Its fusion back coating technology ensures slip resistance, enhancing safety during installation.
3. Grace Ice & Water Shield®
Ideal for regions prone to ice and snow, this rubberized asphalt underlayment provides superior waterproofing and self-sealing properties, making it a top choice for cold climates.
4. Tyvek® Protec™ 120
Known for its lightweight and high-traction surface, Tyvek Protec 120 is easy to install and provides excellent moisture protection, making it suitable for various roofing applications.
5. IKO Stormtite® Synthetic Underlayment
For those on a budget, IKO Stormtite offers a reliable synthetic option that balances performance and cost, making it a great choice for many homeowners.
Installation Tips for Roof Underlayment
Proper installation of shingle roof underlayment is crucial for maximizing its effectiveness. Here are some tips to ensure a successful installation:
1. Prepare the Roof Deck
Before installing underlayment, ensure that the roof deck is clean, dry, and free of debris. Any imperfections can affect the performance of the underlayment.
2. Overlap the Seams
When laying down the underlayment, make sure to overlap the seams by at least 4 inches. This helps to prevent water from seeping through the joints.
3. Secure Properly
Use the appropriate fasteners for the type of underlayment you are using. Follow the manufacturer’s guidelines for spacing and placement to ensure a secure installation.
4. Avoid Exposing Underlayment
If there will be a delay between the installation of the underlayment and the shingles, choose a product that can withstand UV exposure for an extended period.
5. Inspect Regularly
After installation, periodically inspect the underlayment for any signs of damage or wear. Address any issues promptly to maintain the integrity of your roofing system.
Conclusion
Choosing the right shingle roof underlayment is essential for protecting your home from moisture and extending the lifespan of your roof. By understanding the different types of underlayment available and considering factors such as climate, roof type, and budget, you can make an informed decision that best suits your needs. Whether you opt for traditional felt, modern synthetic, or premium rubberized asphalt, investing in quality underlayment will pay off in the long run, ensuring your roof remains durable and effective against the elements.
By following the tips outlined in this guide, you can ensure a successful installation that maximizes the benefits of your chosen underlayment. Remember, a well-protected roof is a key component of a safe and comfortable home.